What is Speciation, How Does It Occur, and Why Is It Important for Conservation?

Atherosclerosis: what is it and why does it occur?

are largely spared while others such as the coronary arteries are at high risk. Similarly, in the same individual the degree of coronary, cerebral, and carotid atherosclerosis is often disparate. Atherosclerosis is a focal not a diffuse intimal disease. The focal nature can be appreciated by examining the intimal surface of an opened artery, when discrete lesions or plaques are visible. Lipid a...

Rheumatoid cachexia: what is it and why is it important?

Radiogenomics: what it is and why it is important.

In recent years, a new direction in cancer research has emerged that focuses on the relationship between imaging phenotypes and genomics. This direction is referred to as radiogenomics or imaging genomics. The question that subsequently arises is: What is the practical significance of elucidating this relationship in improving cancer patient outcomes. In this article, I address this question. A...

What does glycolysis make and why is it important?

CLASSIC REFERENCES (e.g., Ref. 6) and Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Glycolysis) are alike in confusing readers on the process, regulation, and physiological roles of glycolysis. The reference sources assert that glycolysis produces pyruvic acid (i.e., pyruvate and protons), and that under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis produces lactic acid. In their thorough review of the stoichiom...

Platelet Refractoriness and how it is formed

Abstract Background and Objectives Transfusion of platelet has become one of the main treatments for thrombocytopenic patients to reduce the severity and frequency of bleeding consequences. Failure to attain the desired level of platelets in a patient following platelet transfusion is defined as platelet refractoriness. The purpose of present paper is to review and study the mechanisms involve...